Sizes & specs · grading

Grade is a
cosmetic claim
wearing a structural hat.

Nearly every buyer we meet over-specifies grade, because the words sound like strength. Mostly they describe appearance. Here is what each repair technique actually does to the platform underneath.

Request · quote · pickup

Not sure which grade?

Describe the lane and the load and we will recommend — usually a cheaper grade than you asked for.

Letters only — no numbers.

As it appears on your paperwork.

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US ZIP (23224) or Canadian (K1A 0B1). Checked against real ranges.

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The four tiers

What we mean when we write a letter on your paperwork.

Grade A

Grade A / #1

Looks nearly new. Light weathering at most.

  • · All boards present and sound
  • · No plugs, no companion boards
  • · Stringers unbroken
  • · Clean, consistent colour

Best for: Customer-facing freight, retail DCs, anything that gets photographed.

Grade B

Grade B / #2

Visibly used. Honest, serviceable, strong.

  • · May carry plugs or companion boards
  • · Repaired stringers permitted
  • · Minor weathering & staining
  • · Full structural integrity

Best for: Internal moves, bulk raw material, construction, yard storage.

Grade C

Combo / A-B mix

Mixed. We agree the ratio in writing before shipping.

  • · Blend of A and B stock
  • · Mixed board origin
  • · Consistent dimensions
  • · Graded to an agreed ratio

Best for: Volume buyers who need price certainty more than cosmetic match.

Grade CORE

Core / As-is

Exactly as it came off the dock.

  • · Unsorted, un-repaired
  • · Sold by the trailer load
  • · Buyer does the grading
  • · Lowest cost per unit

Best for: Recyclers, dismantlers and remanufacturers with their own lines.

The repair techniques

Three operations, and what each one costs you in grade.

This is the part nobody explains, which is why Grade B carries a stigma it has not earned.

The plug

A lumber insert fitted into a broken stringer and nailed or metal-plated in place. A correctly plugged stringer carries its rated load. It drops the pallet to B because you can see the seam. That is the whole penalty.

Structural: none. Visual: obvious.

The companion board

A second board nailed alongside a cracked one, sharing the span. It adds mass and usually adds stiffness in bending. It also announces the repair in the loudest possible way.

Structural: often improved. Visual: obvious.

Stringer plating

A steel plate across a break, through-nailed. The strongest of the three repairs and the ugliest. Automated conveyors sometimes object to the plate profile, which is a genuine reason to specify A.

Structural: strongest. Equipment: check clearance.

What our customers actually order

And what they ordered before we talked to them.

Of customers who arrive asking for A-grade exclusively, around two-thirds move at least part of their volume to B within six months. Not because we pushed, but because the first B-grade release performed identically on internal lanes and cost roughly a third less.

The full argument, with numbers
Grade B / #248%
Grade A / #129%
Combo / mixed ratio16%
New build5%
Core, buyer grades2%
Specify A when
  • An automated conveyor or AS/RS has tight profile tolerances
  • The platform appears on a retail floor as merchandising
  • A food or pharma programme documents cosmetic criteria
  • A customs officer's judgement is in play on export
  • Your customer has written it into the purchase order
Specify B when
  • The move is internal, plant to plant or dock to yard
  • The platform stages raw material rather than finished goods
  • It is going to a construction site and may not come back
  • You are buying in bulk and price certainty matters more than match
  • Nobody outside your building will ever see it
Full reference

The grading matrix in full.

Criterion by criterion, with the rated-load row that settles most arguments.

Grading matrix — what each tier permits
CriterionGrade A / #1Grade B / #2ComboCore / as-is
Plugs permittedNoYesIn the B portionN/A — unsorted
Companion boardsNoYesIn the B portionN/A
Stringer repairNoYes, plug or plateIn the B portionN/A
Missing boardsNoneNoneNonePossible
WeatheringLightVisibleMixedAs received
Dimensional tolerance±⅜ in±½ in±½ inUnchecked
Protruding fastenersNoneNoneNonePossible
Rated loadFullFullFullUnknown
Indicative price index10062–7075–8530–45
Re-stamped with passportYesYesYesNo

Price index is relative, with A-grade set at 100, and moves with the market. Note that rated load is full on A, B and Combo alike — grade is a cosmetic and repair-history statement, not a strength one. Grades explained in full.

Load case — how support condition changes usable capacity
Support conditionWhat governsShare of static ratingNote
Floor, full contactCrushing1.00The largest published figure and the least useful one.
Fork tines, in motionBending + dynamic shock0.35–0.45The dynamic rating. What matters for nearly every operation.
Racked across stringersStringer bending0.30–0.40Stringers span the beams. The stronger racking orientation.
Racked along stringersDeck board bending0.15–0.25Deck boards span unsupported. Frequently halves usable capacity.
Racked, sustained monthsCreep0.12–0.20Progressive, non-recovering deflection. Floor storage never reveals this.
Double stackedLower platform crushingStatic rating of lower unitDo not apply a dynamic rating to a platform carrying another platform.

Factors are indicative multipliers against the floor-supported static figure, for a standard recycled 48 × 40 GMA stringer platform. Racking orientation alone can halve the usable number.

Fasteners — the most under-specified component in the industry
TypeWithdrawal resistanceDrive speedTypical useNote
Smooth shankLowFastestOne-way economy platformsLoosens over repeated cycles. Acceptable where the platform will not return.
Helical / screw shankGoodModerateHardwood assemblyTwists as it drives, cutting a thread. Strong in dense species.
Stem threaded (annular ring)ExcellentModerateAll our repairs, durable buildsRings bite against withdrawal. The industry workhorse and our default.
StapleLow–moderateVery fastCollars, light assemblyFine for non-structural joints. Not used on deck-to-stringer joints here.
Steel plate, through-nailedHighestSlowStringer break repairStrongest repair available. Check conveyor clearance before specifying.

One line in a specification — “stem-threaded fasteners, staggered pattern, driven flush, no protrusion” — is the difference between a platform that lasts two years and one that lasts five. The long version.

Next step

Let's get wood moving

Whether you have 40 broken pallets behind the building or need 4,000 a month, the next step is the same: tell us the footprint and the frequency.

Start a request